Back-end

The back-end is the part of a software system responsible for processing data, executing business logic, and managing interactions with databases, services, and other internal components.

It operates behind the user-facing layer (the front-end) and is not directly visible to users. In a typical architecture, the back-end handles requests coming from clients, applies rules and computations, accesses persistent storage, and returns structured responses.

Back-end systems can be implemented as monolithic applications or as distributed services (such as microservices). They often expose APIs, commonly REST or similar protocols, to allow communication with front-end applications or other systems, ensuring a clear separation between presentation and core application logic.